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21. Chester A. Arthur

10 questions Β· Politics

Chester A. Arthur, born in Vermont in 1829, was the twenty-first President of the United States (1881 to 1885). As Vice President he succeeded to office after the assassination of James A. Garfield. Arthur came from the old system of political patronage and was seen by many as unsuitable. All the more surprisingly he became a reformer: under him the Pendleton Act took effect in 1883, awarding public-service jobs by merit rather than party loyalty: a cornerstone of the modern professional civil service. Arthur lost the 1884 renomination and died soon after his term ended, in 1886. Good to know: Chester Arthur moved up as vice president: having reached office as a candidate of New York's corrupt party machine. When President Garfield died of an assassin's wounds in 1881, Arthur unexpectedly became president. Arthur served only one term: already seriously ill, he made only a half-hearted bid in 1884 and lost the nomination to James G. Blaine. The 1883 Pendleton Act introduced hiring for government posts by merit rather than party loyalty: a historic reform.

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5 of 10 questions with answers

Which number president was Arthur?

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21st

Took office in 1881.

πŸ’‘ Did you know? Chester Arthur moved up as vice president: having reached office as a candidate of New York's corrupt party machine.

How did Arthur become president?

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after Garfield's death

He was Garfield's VP.

πŸ’‘ Did you know? When President Garfield died of an assassin's wounds in 1881, Arthur unexpectedly became president.

When was Arthur president?

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1881 to 1885

He lost the 1884 renomination.

πŸ’‘ Did you know? Arthur served only one term: already seriously ill, he made only a half-hearted bid in 1884 and lost the nomination to James G. Blaine.

Which reform succeeded under Arthur?

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Pendleton Act

Jobs by merit, not party loyalty.

πŸ’‘ Did you know? The 1883 Pendleton Act introduced hiring for government posts by merit rather than party loyalty: a historic reform.

What was surprising about Arthur?

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reformer

Many had underestimated him.

πŸ’‘ Did you know? No one expected reform from a machine politician, as president Arthur surprised everyone by fighting the very corruption he came from.

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