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Astronomy Terms

12 questions · Astronomy & Space

Look up on a clear night and you gaze into an abyss of time and space that overwhelms every imagination: the universe is larger, older and stranger than the human mind can grasp. So that we can talk about it anyway, astronomy has created a language of its own, full of words of wonder. This pack explains the most important of them: recognise the galaxy as a vast island of stars and the black hole from which not even light escapes, the supernova as the explosion of a dying star and the light-year as an enormous unit of distance, the comet with its tail and the asteroid of rock, the nebula as the birthplace of new stars and the Big Bang as the beginning of everything, the red giant as a bloated star and the exoplanet around distant suns, the solar eclipse when the Moon hides the Sun, and the Milky Way, our cosmic home: recognise them from their descriptions and feel a little closer to the grand scheme of things. For hardly anything is at once so humbling and so exciting as the thought that our whole Earth is just a tiny blue dot in an unimaginably vast cosmos.

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All questions with answers

What is a huge, gravity-bound collection of billions of stars called?

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Galaxy

Our home galaxy is the Milky Way.

💡 Did you know? There are likely hundreds of billions of galaxies.

What is an object whose gravity is so strong that not even light escapes called?

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Black hole

Its boundary is the event horizon.

💡 Did you know? In 2019 the first photo of a black hole was taken.

What is the huge explosion of a dying massive star called?

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Supernova

It can briefly outshine a whole galaxy.

💡 Did you know? Heavy elements like gold form within it.

What is the unit of distance of about 9.46 trillion kilometres called?

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Light-year

That is about 9.46 trillion kilometres.

💡 Did you know? The nearest star is about 4 light-years away.

What is an icy, dusty “tailed star” with a long glowing tail called?

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Comet

Halley's Comet returns roughly every 76 years.

💡 Did you know? The tail always points away from the Sun.

What is a small rocky body orbiting the Sun (mostly between Mars and Jupiter) called?

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Asteroid

Most lie in the asteroid belt.

💡 Did you know? An impact likely wiped out the dinosaurs.

What is an interstellar cloud of gas and dust, often a birthplace of stars, called?

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Nebula

The Orion Nebula is famous.

💡 Did you know? Some nebulae are supernova remnants.

What is the theory of the universe's beginning about 13.8 billion years ago called?

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Big Bang

The universe has been expanding ever since.

💡 Did you know? The cosmic background radiation is its echo.

What is a bloated, cool star in a late life stage called?

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Red giant

Our Sun will become one in billions of years.

💡 Did you know? It may then swallow the inner planets.

What is a world orbiting a star other than the Sun called?

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Exoplanet

Thousands are already known.

💡 Did you know? Some lie in the “habitable zone”.

What is it called when the Moon blocks the Sun as seen from Earth?

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Solar eclipse

At totality, day turns to dark.

💡 Did you know? Totality is visible only in a narrow band.

What is our own galaxy, seen at night as a bright band, called?

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Milky Way

It holds hundreds of billions of stars.

💡 Did you know? It is a spiral galaxy.

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