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Camille Pissarro

19 questions · Art

Camille Pissarro is born in 1830 on the Caribbean island of St Thomas, then a Danish colony. As a young man he goes to France to become a painter and there becomes a central figure of Impressionism and probably its most important mediator and teacher. For Pissarro is not only a great painter but also a fatherly friend and mentor: Cézanne, Gauguin and many others owe him decisive impulses. Pissarro is the only artist to take part in all eight Impressionist exhibitions. He finds his subjects above all in the countryside: peasants at work, villages, fields, orchards and the red tiled roofs of small French towns. He paints them with a warm, calm eye and a fine sense of light and season. Later he is also drawn to the city, where he captures busy Parisian boulevards from a window in the bustle of everyday life. Pissarro is a tireless seeker. For a time he takes up the strict dot technique of the younger Seurat, "Pointillism", but then returns to his freer manner. Politically he is close to the anarchists and dreams of a more just society. Pissarro dies in 1903 in Paris. He leaves behind not only a rich body of work but also a dynasty of painters: several of his children also become artists. Did you know that, because of an eye ailment, he painted many of his late city views through the window of hotel rooms, no longer able to bear the draught and dust outdoors? Pissarro, the fatherly friend of the Impressionists, painted the country and the city alike. In the countryside he made ‘The Red Roofs’, ‘Hay Harvest at Éragny’, ‘The Harvest, Pontoise’, ‘The Côte des Bœufs, Pontoise’, ‘The Banks of the Oise near Pontoise’, ‘The House of the Deaf Woman at Éragny’ and ‘The Little Factory’. From the city come his great street series: ‘Boulevard Montmartre, Mardi Gras’, ‘Boulevard Montmartre, Spring’, ‘Rue Saint-Honoré in the Afternoon, Effect of Rain’ and ‘Pont Boieldieu in Rouen, Rainy Weather’.

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To which movement does Pissarro belong?

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Impressionism

Pissarro was the only artist to take part in all eight Impressionist exhibitions: a father figure of the group.

💡 Did you know? He was the only one to take part in all eight Impressionist exhibitions.

What important role did Pissarro play for other painters?

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mentor and teacher

Pissarro was a patient teacher and mentor to Cézanne, Gauguin and many others.

💡 Did you know? Cézanne proudly called himself „a pupil of Pissarro“: the older painter taught him open-air painting.

Which subjects did Pissarro especially like to paint?

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country life and villages

Later he also painted busy Parisian boulevards.

💡 Did you know? Unlike the city Impressionists, Pissarro most liked to paint peasants, fields and quiet villages.

Where was Pissarro born?

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St Thomas (Caribbean)

As a young man he went to France.

💡 Did you know? Pissarro was born on the Caribbean island of St Thomas; the son of Jewish-Portuguese merchants.

Which strict technique did Pissarro adopt for a time?

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Pointillism

Later he returned to his freer manner.

💡 Did you know? Around 1885 Pissarro briefly adopted Seurat's strict dot technique but soon returned to a freer style.

When did Pissarro die?

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1903

Pissarro died in Paris in 1903; a committed anarchist, he remained a politically engaged artist all his life.

💡 Did you know? Several of his children also became painters.

Pont Boieldieu in Rouen, Rainy Weather

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Which famous work is shown here?

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Pont Boieldieu in Rouen, Rainy Weather

Painted around 1896.

💡 Did you know? In old age Pissarro often painted from hotel windows: the rain over the bridge gleams on the wet cobbles.

Hay Harvest at Éragny

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

What is this work called?

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Hay Harvest at Éragny

Painted around 1901.

💡 Did you know? Pissarro spent his final years in Éragny, painting the field labour around him again and again.

The Red Roofs, Côte Saint-Denis at Pontoise, Winter Effect

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

What is this painting called?

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The Red Roofs, Côte Saint-Denis at Pontoise, Winter Effect

Around 1877: red tiled roofs among bare trees in winter.

💡 Did you know? Between bare trees the red roofs of a village glow: a masterpiece of his open-air painting.

Steamboats in the Port of Rouen

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Which famous work is shown here?

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Steamboats in the Port of Rouen

Painted around 1896.

💡 Did you know? Pissarro recorded industry too: steam, ships and working harbours.

Boulevard Montmartre, Mardi Gras

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

What is this work called?

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Boulevard Montmartre, Mardi Gras

Around 1897: a busy Parisian boulevard, painted from a window.

💡 Did you know? From a hotel window Pissarro painted the same boulevard at all times of day: here amid the carnival crowd.

The Banks of the Oise near Pontoise

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

What is this painting called?

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The Banks of the Oise near Pontoise

Painted around 1873.

💡 Did you know? In Pontoise Pissarro often worked side by side with the young Cézanne.

The Côte des Bœufs, Pontoise

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Which famous work is shown here?

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The Côte des Bœufs, Pontoise

Painted around 1877.

💡 Did you know? A dense tangle of bare trees: Pissarro loved such „unpicturesque“ corners of the landscape.

The House of the Deaf Woman at Éragny

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

What is this work called?

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The House of the Deaf Woman at Éragny

Painted around 1886.

💡 Did you know? Even a plain farmhouse became a worthy subject in Pissarro's hands.

Rue Saint-Honoré in the Afternoon, Effect of Rain

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

What is this painting called?

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Rue Saint-Honoré in the Afternoon, Effect of Rain

Painted around 1897.

💡 Did you know? A Paris street in the rain: Pissarro caught the shimmering light of the wet metropolis.

The Little Factory

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Which famous work is shown here?

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The Little Factory

Painted around 1868.

💡 Did you know? Pissarro did not shy from the modern factory as a subject: an early view of the industrial landscape.

The Harvest, Pontoise

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

What is this work called?

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The Harvest, Pontoise

Painted around 1881.

💡 Did you know? Peasants at harvest: Pissarro's favourite theme of simple country life.

Boulevard Montmartre, Spring

Foto: Camille Pissarro · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

What is this painting called?

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Boulevard Montmartre, Spring

Painted around 1897.

💡 Did you know? The same street as in the carnival picture: now in bright spring light.

Camille Pissarro (self-portrait)

Foto: Unknown author · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Which artist is shown here?

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Camille Pissarro

Camille Pissarro (1830 to 1903) was a French painter and a founding figure of Impressionism, famous for his landscapes and city views.

💡 Did you know? Pissarro was the „father“ of the Impressionists: the only one to join all eight of their exhibitions, and teacher of Cézanne and Gauguin.

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