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Fyodor Dostoevsky

12 questions · Literature

Fyodor Dostoevsky, born in Moscow in 1821, a doctor's son, lived the decisive minute of his life at 28: condemned to death for belonging to a socialist reading circle, he was already facing the firing squad: when the tsar's pardon arrived, staged to the last second. Instead of the bullet: four years of katorga, hard labour in Siberia, in chains among murderers. The experience of nearness to death, guilt and degradation became the bedrock of his work; the account 'Notes from a Dead House' turned it into literature. Back among the living, Dostoevsky wrote under constant pressure: plagued by epilepsy and a gambling addiction that ruined him at Europe's roulette tables ('The Gambler' was written in 26 days to pay off debts; the stenographer hired for it, Anna, became his wife and saviour). Thus arose the great novels that changed world literature: 'Crime and Punishment', about the student Raskolnikov, who murders to prove he belongs among the 'extraordinary men', and shatters on guilt and conscience; 'The Idiot' with the Christlike Prince Myshkin; 'Demons', on the destructive power of fanaticism; finally 'The Brothers Karamazov' with the famous legend of the Grand Inquisitor: parricide, faith and doubt in one family novel. Dostoevsky counts as the inventor of the modern psychological novel: no author shines a light deeper into the abysses, contradictions and double floors of the soul. Nietzsche called him the 'only psychologist' from whom he had anything to learn; Freud bowed before the 'Karamazovs'. He died in St Petersburg in 1881; tens of thousands followed the coffin. Did you know that Dostoevsky retells the seconds before his mock execution in 'The Idiot', as the account of a pardoned man?

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What is Dostoevsky's novel about the murdering student Raskolnikov called?

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Crime and Punishment

Raskolnikov murders to prove he belongs among the 'extraordinary men' and shatters on guilt and conscience.

💡 Did you know? „Crime and Punishment“, about a student who murders out of hubris and breaks on his conscience, is among the greatest novels in world literature.

What is Dostoevsky's last great family novel about a parricide called?

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The Brothers Karamazov

With the famous legend of the Grand Inquisitor: Freud bowed before the work.

💡 Did you know? „The Brothers Karamazov“, with its famous „Grand Inquisitor“ chapter, was Dostoevsky's last and deepest work.

What happened in 1849 as Dostoevsky already faced the firing squad?

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the pardon

Condemned for a socialist reading circle: the nearness of death became the bedrock of his work.

💡 Did you know? In 1849 Dostoevsky already stood before the firing squad when, at the last moment, the Tsar's pardon was read out: a staged mock-execution.

Which sentence did Dostoevsky serve instead of execution?

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hard labour in Siberia

In chains among murderers: worked into 'Notes from a Dead House'.

💡 Did you know? Instead of execution, Dostoevsky spent four years in a Siberian prison camp: the experience shaped his whole thinking on suffering and redemption.

Which addiction ruined Dostoevsky at Europe's casino tables?

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gambling

'The Gambler' was written in 26 days to pay off debts: the stenographer Anna became his wife and saviour.

💡 Did you know? His gambling addiction ruined Dostoevsky again and again: he dictated the novel „The Gambler“ in just 26 days to pay off a debt.

What is the Christlike prince called in Dostoevsky's 'The Idiot'?

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Myshkin

The 'perfectly beautiful man' founders on the world: the novel contains a pardoned man's account of the seconds before execution.

💡 Did you know? The kind-hearted, epileptic Prince Myshkin in „The Idiot“ is Dostoevsky's attempt to depict a „perfectly good man“ in a corrupt world.

From which illness did Dostoevsky suffer all his life?

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epilepsy

He gave the seizures to characters like Prince Myshkin, including the 'ecstatic aura' before them.

💡 Did you know? Dostoevsky suffered from epilepsy all his life: the aura before his seizures, a moment of supreme clarity, he described in his novels.

Of which form of the novel does Dostoevsky count as the inventor?

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psychological novel

Nietzsche called him the 'only psychologist' from whom he had anything to learn.

💡 Did you know? As a master of the „psychological novel“, Dostoevsky illuminated the darkest depths of the human soul: a forerunner of modern psychology.

Which Dostoevsky novel dissects the destructive power of political fanaticism?

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Demons

Based on a real murder in revolutionary circles: read as prophetic of the 20th century.

💡 Did you know? „Demons“ dissects the destructive power of political fanaticism: prophetic of the revolutions of the 20th century.

Who became Dostoevsky's second wife (and rescued his finances)?

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Anna

Hired for 'The Gambler' at record speed: she later sorted debts, publishing and his estate.

💡 Did you know? His young stenographer Anna became his second wife, put his finances in order and rescued him from a spiral of debt.

In which city was Dostoevsky born in 1821?

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Moscow

He died in St Petersburg in 1881: tens of thousands followed the coffin.

💡 Did you know? Dostoevsky grew up on the grounds of a Moscow hospital for the poor, where his father worked as a doctor: he saw misery and suffering early.

Fyodor Dostoevsky

Foto: Vasily Perov · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Which writer is shown here?

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Fyodor Dostoevsky

Fyodor Dostoevsky was a Russian writer whose psychological novels, like „Crime and Punishment“, explore the depths of the soul.

💡 Did you know? In 1849 he already stood before the firing squad when, at the last moment, his pardon was read out.

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