Which country invaded its neighbour Kuwait in 1990?
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Iraq
Iraq wanted to seize Kuwait's oil wealth.
💡 Did you know? The world community sharply condemned the invasion.
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Which dictator led Iraq during the Gulf War?
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Saddam Hussein
He ruled Iraq with an iron fist.
💡 Did you know? In 2003 he was toppled in another war.
Which small, oil-rich country was invaded?
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Kuwait
It lies on the Persian Gulf.
💡 Did you know? Its oil wealth made it a target.
What was the real motive behind the invasion?
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Oil
Kuwait's oil fields fed Iraq's greed.
💡 Did you know? Oil was also the reason for the broad international response.
Who led the international coalition against Iraq?
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The USA
Over 30 states joined the coalition.
💡 Did you know? The US president then was George H. W. Bush.
On whose decision was the military intervention based?
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The United Nations
The UN Security Council demanded Iraq's withdrawal.
💡 Did you know? When Saddam refused, force was authorised.
What was the operation to liberate Kuwait called?
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Desert Storm
A US-led coalition liberated Kuwait in weeks.
💡 Did you know? The air war dominated the coverage.
How did the fight against the Iraqi forces begin in 1991?
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With a massive air war
For weeks the coalition bombed Iraqi positions.
💡 Did you know? Precision bombs were first shown to a mass audience.
How long did the decisive ground offensive last, roughly?
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About 100 hours
The Iraqi army quickly collapsed.
💡 Did you know? Kuwait was liberated after a few days.
At which neighbouring country did Iraq fire Scud missiles?
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Israel
Saddam wanted to turn the Arab world against the coalition.
💡 Did you know? Israel held back despite the attacks.
With which defensive missiles were the Scuds intercepted?
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Patriot missiles
Their use was shown live on television.
💡 Did you know? Their success rate, however, was disputed.
What did the Iraqi troops do while retreating from Kuwait?
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They set oil wells on fire
Hundreds of burning oil wells darkened the sky.
💡 Did you know? Putting out the fires took many months.
What made this war new in media terms?
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Live television coverage
News channels reported round the clock straight from the war.
💡 Did you know? The channel CNN became world-famous through it.
Which US general commanded the coalition forces?
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Norman Schwarzkopf
He planned the rapid encirclement of the Iraqi army.
💡 Did you know? He was nicknamed “Stormin' Norman”.
How did the Gulf War end in 1991?
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With the liberation of Kuwait
Iraq withdrew defeated.
💡 Did you know? Saddam Hussein, however, stayed in power for the time being.
What happened to Saddam Hussein despite the defeat?
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He stayed in power
The coalition deliberately did not march to Baghdad.
💡 Did you know? He bloodily crushed uprisings within Iraq.
Which modern weapons were shown to a mass audience here?
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Precision-guided bombs
Cameras showed the impact from the bomb's view.
💡 Did you know? This made the war seem almost like a video game.
Which later war finally toppled Saddam Hussein?
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The Iraq War of 2003
A US-led coalition invaded Iraq.
💡 Did you know? This time Saddam was overthrown and later executed.
Into which new global situation did the Gulf War fall?
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The end of the Cold War
For the first time a broad coalition acted under a UN mandate.
💡 Did you know? People spoke of a “new world order”.
Counting the Iran-Iraq War as the first, what is the 1990 to 1991 Gulf War also called?
Show answer
Second Gulf War
The “First Gulf War” was the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980s.
💡 Did you know? The numbering is not entirely uniform internationally.
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