Which two states fought each other in the war that began in June 1950?
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North and South Korea
The communist North attacked the South.
💡 Did you know? Both claimed rule over all of Korea.
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Along which line was Korea divided?
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The 38th parallel
The front swung bloodily around this line.
💡 Did you know? In the end the border ran almost there again.
In which year did the Korean War begin?
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1950
North Korean troops overran almost the entire South.
💡 Did you know? Only a small bridgehead around Busan held out.
Which organisation sent troops to aid the South?
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The United Nations
A UN force under US command came to the rescue.
💡 Did you know? The Soviet Union could not veto it in the Security Council.
Which great power led the UN forces?
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The USA
They provided the bulk of the soldiers.
💡 Did you know? For them it was a fight against the spread of communism.
Which American general planned the Inchon landing?
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General MacArthur
His daring landing coup turned the war.
💡 Did you know? Later he was dismissed for insubordination.
Which risky 1950 landing turned the tide for the South?
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The Inchon landing
The UN forces struck the enemy from behind.
💡 Did you know? Afterwards they pushed far into the North.
Which neighbouring country intervened on North Korea's side?
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China
Hundreds of thousands of Chinese “volunteers” marched in.
💡 Did you know? They pushed the UN forces back again.
Which superpower supported the North with weapons?
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The Soviet Union
It supplied aircraft and equipment.
💡 Did you know? Soviet pilots even secretly flew missions.
Which capital changed hands several times?
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Seoul
The metropolis was captured and destroyed several times.
💡 Did you know? Today it is the capital of South Korea.
Why was the Korean War a “proxy war”?
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East and West fought indirectly
The superpowers measured their strength through allies.
💡 Did you know? It was the first great hot conflict of the Cold War.
How did the Korean War end in 1953?
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With an armistice
A peace treaty was never concluded.
💡 Did you know? Technically both Koreas are still at war today.
In which place was the armistice signed?
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Panmunjom
The place lies right on the border.
💡 Did you know? Negotiations still take place there today.
What remained of Korea after the war?
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A divided country
North and South stayed separated.
💡 Did you know? The division persists to this day.
What is the heavily guarded border zone between the Koreas called?
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The Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)
Despite its name it is one of the most guarded borders in the world.
💡 Did you know? It cuts across the peninsula at the 38th parallel.
Which dictator led North Korea into the war?
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Kim Il-sung
He founded the Kim dynasty that still rules today.
💡 Did you know? His grandson Kim Jong-un rules North Korea today.
Roughly how many lives did the war cost?
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Several million
Many of them were civilians.
💡 Did you know? Large parts of Korea lay in ruins.
Against the spread of which ideology did the West fight here?
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Communism
The USA pursued a policy of “containment”.
💡 Did you know? Korea was not to become fully communist.
In which larger conflict does the Korean War belong?
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The Cold War
It first made the East-West conflict bloodily visible.
💡 Did you know? Similar proxy wars followed, for example in Vietnam.
What status formally still exists between the two Koreas?
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State of war (only an armistice)
A formal peace was never concluded.
💡 Did you know? The situation at the border remains tense today.
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