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Leonhard Euler

10 questions · Science

Leonhard Euler, born in Basel in 1707, was the most prolific mathematician in history: a calculating genius of unbelievable output. He worked at the academies of Saint Petersburg and Berlin and published so much in his lifetime that the edition of his collected works is still not complete today. Euler shaped much of our modern mathematical notation: the function symbol f(x), the summation sign, the number e for the base of the natural logarithm (Euler's number), and he popularised the use of i and π. In the famous Euler's identity, e to the power i·π plus 1 equals 0, he united the five most important numbers of mathematics in a single, astonishingly beautiful equation. He also founded graph theory: the puzzle of the Seven Bridges of Königsberg: can you take a walk that crosses each bridge exactly once?: he solved by translating the problem into a pure structure of points and connections. Most astonishing of all: in his final years Euler went almost completely blind: yet remained hugely productive, carrying out complex calculations entirely in his head and dictating them to his students. He died in 1783 in Saint Petersburg.

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Which city was Leonhard Euler from?

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Basel

He worked in Saint Petersburg and Berlin.

💡 Did you know? Euler was from Basel but spent most of his life at the courts of St Petersburg and Berlin.

What is Euler regarded as in his field?

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most prolific mathematician

His collected works are enormous.

💡 Did you know? Euler was so prolific that publishing his works continued for decades after his death.

What is the formula e^(iπ) + 1 = 0, considered especially beautiful, called?

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Euler's identity

It links e, i, π, 1 and 0.

💡 Did you know? „Euler's identity“ links five fundamental numbers in one formula and is seen by many as the most beautiful equation in mathematics.

What is the constant e ≈ 2.718 called?

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Euler's number

Base of the natural logarithm, about 2.718.

💡 Did you know? Euler's number e (about 2.718) appears everywhere: from compound interest to radioactive decay.

Which field did Euler found with the Königsberg bridges?

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graph theory

Points and connections instead of a map.

💡 Did you know? With the puzzle of the seven bridges of Königsberg, Euler founded graph theory: the basis of modern network science.

What is remarkable about Euler's late work?

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blind but productive

He calculated in his head and dictated.

💡 Did you know? Even after going almost completely blind, Euler kept working undiminished: calculating everything in his head.

Leonhard Euler

Foto: Jakob Emanuel Handmann · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Which scientist is shown here?

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Leonhard Euler

Leonhard Euler was a Swiss mathematician and one of the most prolific thinkers in history.

💡 Did you know? Even after going blind he stayed highly productive: simply dictating his calculations from memory.

In which year was Leonhard Euler born?

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1707

Born: 15 April 1707 in Basel, Switzerland

In which year did Leonhard Euler die?

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1783

Died: 18 September 1783 in Saint Petersburg, aged 76

Where was Leonhard Euler born?

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Basel, Switzerland

Born: 15 April 1707 in Basel, Switzerland

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