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Lyme Disease

7 questions · Health & Medicine

Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne disease in Europe and North America. It is caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria of the genus Borrelia, which live in the gut of ticks. If an infected tick bites a human and sucks blood for a longer time, the pathogens can be transmitted; the sooner the tick is removed, the lower the risk. The best-known first sign of Lyme disease is the so-called erythema migrans: a ring-shaped redness slowly spreading outward around the bite site, which is downright typical of the disease. If Lyme disease is recognised at this early stage, it can be cured well and completely with antibiotics. If it is left untreated, however, the bacteria can attack further organs weeks to months later and cause joint inflammation, nerve pain, paralysis or heart problems. Unlike tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), also spread by ticks but caused by a virus, there is so far no vaccine against Lyme disease. The best protection is therefore to avoid tick bites, to check yourself thoroughly after time in forest and meadow and to remove ticks quickly and correctly.

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4 of 7 questions with answers

How is Lyme disease transmitted to humans?

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By tick bites

The sooner the tick is removed, the better.

💡 Did you know? The bacteria live in the tick's gut.

Which kind of pathogen causes Lyme disease?

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Bacteria (Borrelia)

They have a corkscrew shape.

💡 Did you know? They are named after the researcher Amédée Borrel.

Which typical skin sign is an early symptom of Lyme disease?

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The erythema migrans

A red ring spreads around the bite site.

💡 Did you know? It is a clear warning sign.

How is Lyme disease treated?

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With antibiotics

Caught early, it is easily curable.

💡 Did you know? Untreated it can become chronic.

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