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Meningococcal Meningitis

8 questions · Health & Medicine

Meningococcal meningitis is one of the most feared bacterial infections, because it can make a previously healthy person life-threateningly ill within a few hours. It is caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis, spread from person to person by droplets and close contact, such as kissing or coughing. Astonishingly, many people carry these bacteria harmlessly in the throat without falling ill; only rarely do they enter the body and inflame the meninges, the protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord. Then, in quick succession, come high fever, severe headache, a stiff, painfully forward-bent neck, sensitivity to light and often a pinpoint rash that (an alarm sign) cannot be pressed away. If the pathogens spread in the blood, a life-threatening blood poisoning can occur. Because the disease progresses so quickly, every hour counts: immediate treatment with antibiotics can save lives. Outbreaks occur above all where young people live closely together, for instance in dormitories or at large pilgrimages; in the so-called „meningitis belt“ south of the Sahara larger waves occur regularly. Against several pathogen types there are effective vaccines today.

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4 of 8 questions with answers

Which protective membranes become inflamed with meningitis?

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The meninges

They surround the brain and spinal cord.

💡 Did you know? „Meningitis“ means inflammation of the meninges.

Which bacterium causes the feared inflammation of the brain's membranes with bleeding under the skin?

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Neisseria meningitidis

Many carry it harmlessly in the throat.

💡 Did you know? Only rarely does it enter the body.

Which neck change is an important warning sign?

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A stiff neck

Bending the head forward hurts sharply.

💡 Did you know? Fever and headache add to it.

How quickly can a meningococcal infection become life-threatening?

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Within a few hours

That is why every hour counts.

💡 Did you know? Immediate treatment can save lives.

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