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Richard the Lionheart

9 questions · History

Richard the Lionheart, born in 1157, is perhaps England’s most famous warrior-king. No sooner on the throne, he set off on the Third Crusade to the Holy Land, where he fought bitter battles with Sultan Saladin. On his way back he was taken prisoner and freed only for a huge ransom. He spent hardly any time in England itself and yet he lives on in legends like Robin Hood as the good, absent king. Good to know: He stood for bravery and a thirst for battle bordering on recklessness. He became a legend already in his lifetime. The aim was to retake Jerusalem. He could not take Jerusalem itself but secured access for pilgrims. The two respected each other despite their bitter rivalry. Their struggle for the Holy Land became the stuff of many legends. Richard was later handed over to Emperor Henry VI. Legend says his minstrel Blondel tracked him down. The sum equalled several years of the crown’s income. All of England was taxed to pay it. He saw the country mainly as a source of money for his campaigns.

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5 of 9 questions with answers

What is Richard’s famous epithet?

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the Lionheart

He stood for bravery and a thirst for battle bordering on recklessness.

💡 Did you know? He became a legend already in his lifetime.

In which crusade did Richard take part?

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the Third Crusade

The aim was to retake Jerusalem.

💡 Did you know? He could not take Jerusalem itself but secured access for pilgrims.

Which Muslim sultan did Richard fight in the Holy Land?

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Saladin

The two respected each other despite their bitter rivalry.

💡 Did you know? Their struggle for the Holy Land became the stuff of many legends.

Who captured Richard on his way back from the crusade?

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Duke Leopold V of Austria

Richard was later handed over to Emperor Henry VI.

💡 Did you know? Legend says his minstrel Blondel tracked him down.

What did England have to raise for Richard’s release?

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a huge ransom

The sum equalled several years of the crown’s income.

💡 Did you know? All of England was taxed to pay it.

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