In which spa town in south-west Germany was Rudolf Höss born in 1901?
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Baden-Baden
His strictly Catholic father intended him for the priesthood; instead Höss volunteered for military service at 15.
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Foto: Polska Agencja Prasowa · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Who is shown here?
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Rudolf Höss
Höss in 1947 before the Supreme National Tribunal in Warsaw.
For which crime was Höss sentenced to ten years in prison in 1924?
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murder
Far-right activists had beaten an alleged traitor to death in Parchim; Martin Bormann was among the perpetrators.
💡 Did you know? After an amnesty Höss was released as early as 1928.
Which camp did Höss build up from 1940 as its first commandant?
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Auschwitz
A former barracks near Oświęcim became the largest concentration and extermination camp.
Which pesticide did Höss have used for mass murder at Auschwitz?
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Zyklon B
The hydrogen cyanide product was first tested on Soviet prisoners of war in September 1941.
💡 Did you know? The supplier Tesch & Stabenow was convicted after the war and two of its managers executed.
How many people were murdered at Auschwitz?
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about 1.1 million
About 90 per cent of the victims were Jews; others were Poles, Sinti and Roma and Soviet prisoners of war.
💡 Did you know? Höss himself gave a figure of 2.5 million under interrogation: research has corrected it to about 1.1 million.
Which 2023 film shows the family life of Höss right next to the camp wall?
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The Zone of Interest
Director Jonathan Glazer never shows the murders directly; they can only be heard. The film won two Oscars in 2024.
In which role did Höss appear at the Nuremberg trial in 1946?
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witness
He had been called by Ernst Kaltenbrunner's defence; his matter-of-fact account of the mass murder weighed heavily against the defendants.
In which city did Poland's Supreme National Tribunal sentence Höss to death in 1947?
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Warsaw
The trial lasted almost three weeks; Höss did not deny the crimes.
Under which English title were the memoirs Höss wrote in Polish custody published?
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Commandant of Auschwitz
They are regarded as a shattering document because Höss describes mass murder like an administrative task.
At which place was Höss hanged in April 1947?
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Auschwitz
The gallows stood next to the first crematorium of the main camp: at the scene of his crimes.
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