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Styx

12 questions · Mythology

In Greek myth, the Styx is the most important river of the underworld, separating the world of the living from that of the dead. Across it the ferryman Charon carries the souls of the departed. Its water was held so sacred that even the gods swore their unbreakable oaths by it. Legend says it made the hero Achilles invulnerable except for his heel. Its name means the hated one and stood for the implacability of death. Behind the river stands a goddess: Styx, a daughter of Oceanus, was the first to rush to Zeus's side in the war against the Titans, with her children Nike, Kratos, Bia and Zelos: victory, power, force and zeal. In thanks he made her water the most sacred oath of the gods. Any god who broke a Styx oath lay breathless for a “great year” and was then banished from the circle of the gods for nine more. Virgil has the river wind around the underworld nine times. The Greeks even pointed to a real location: a gloomy waterfall near Nonacris in Arcadia whose water was considered deadly: legend even claimed Alexander the Great was poisoned with Styx water. And modern astronomy still quotes the myth: a small moon of the dwarf planet Pluto bears the name Styx.

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6 of 12 questions with answers

What is the Styx?

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The river of the underworld

It separates the living from the dead.

💡 Did you know? Charon ferries the souls across here.

For what was the water of the Styx especially important?

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For the oaths of the gods

An oath by the Styx was unbreakable.

💡 Did you know? Even Zeus was not allowed to break it.

Which hero did the Styx make almost invulnerable?

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Achilles

His mother dipped him in the river.

💡 Did you know? The dip in the Styx is attested only after Homer, for instance in the poet Statius.

To which mythology does the Styx belong?

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Greek mythology

It is the best known of the underworld rivers.

💡 Did you know? Others are Acheron, Lethe and Phlegethon.

How many times does the Styx wind around the underworld according to Virgil?

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Nine times

In nine coils it encircles the realm of the dead.

💡 Did you know? Nine is everywhere in underworld myth.

What punishment struck gods who broke a Styx oath?

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Nine years of banishment

Before that they lay breathless for a “great year”.

💡 Did you know? So reports Hesiod's Theogony.

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