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Syphilis

8 questions · Health & Medicine

Syphilis, also called lues, is one of the best-known sexually transmitted diseases in history and has accompanied humankind for centuries. It is caused by the corkscrew-shaped bacterium Treponema pallidum, spread almost exclusively during sexual contact; an infected mother can also pass the disease to her unborn child. Since its great appearance in Europe around 1495 the nations blamed one another: some called it the „French disease“, others the „Neapolitan disease“. Syphilis runs in stages: first a painless ulcer forms at the point of entry, the hard chancre. Weeks later come rashes and fever, before the disease often slumbers unnoticed for years. In its late stage it can attack almost every organ and cause severe damage to the heart, brain and nerves, because of this variety doctors called it the „great imitator“. For centuries syphilis was incurable and burdened with shame and exclusion. The decisive turning point came in the 1940s with penicillin, which has reliably cured the disease ever since. The best protection against infection is still the condom.

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4 of 8 questions with answers

Which bacterium causes syphilis?

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Treponema pallidum

It has a corkscrew shape.

💡 Did you know? Such bacteria are called spirochetes.

How is syphilis mainly transmitted?

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During sexual contact

It is a classic sexually transmitted disease.

💡 Did you know? It can also pass from mother to child.

What is the painless ulcer of the first stage called?

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The hard chancre

It forms at the point of entry.

💡 Did you know? Because it does not hurt, it is often missed.

Which byname does syphilis carry for its many forms?

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The great imitator

It can attack almost every organ.

💡 Did you know? That makes it hard to recognise.

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