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Thutmose III

9 questions · History

Thutmose III ruled from about 1479 to 1425 BC and made Egypt the greatest power it ever was. Because he came to the throne as a child, his stepmother Hatshepsut ran affairs at first: only after her death did his own era begin. In seventeen campaigns he marched as far as the Euphrates; his victory at Megiddo in 1457 BC counts as the first battle in history whose course is recorded in detail. Posterity therefore called him the „Napoleon of Egypt“. His obelisks stand today in London, New York and Istanbul. Good to know: The comparison comes from 19th-century Egyptologists. Unlike Napoleon, however, he never lost a single battle. He chose the narrowest and most dangerous approach and caught the enemy off guard. The place name Megiddo later gave rise to the word „Armageddon“. He set out almost every year, as far as the Euphrates in today's Syria. His scribes kept detailed and precise records: which is why we know so much about them. Formally the two were rulers at the same time: a rare double throne.

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What epithet did posterity give Thutmose III for his campaigns?

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the „Napoleon of Egypt“

The comparison comes from 19th-century Egyptologists.

💡 Did you know? Unlike Napoleon, however, he never lost a single battle.

In which battle did Thutmose III triumph in 1457 BC?

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at Megiddo

He chose the narrowest and most dangerous approach and caught the enemy off guard.

💡 Did you know? The place name Megiddo later gave rise to the word „Armageddon“.

How many campaigns did Thutmose III undertake?

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seventeen

He set out almost every year, as far as the Euphrates in today's Syria.

💡 Did you know? His scribes kept precise records: which is why we know so much about them.

Which woman ran the government before Thutmose III ruled himself?

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Hatshepsut

He came to the throne as a child; she ruled as pharaoh for over 20 years.

💡 Did you know? Formally the two were rulers at the same time: a rare double throne.

What did Thutmose III have done to Hatshepsut's monuments late in his reign?

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her name erased

Long seen as belated revenge: today a political motive is thought more likely.

💡 Did you know? The erasure began only some 20 years after her death, not at once.

How large was Egypt under Thutmose III compared with all other periods?

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larger than ever before or since

The empire stretched from Nubia to the Euphrates.

💡 Did you know? He secured it shrewdly: sons of defeated princes grew up at the Egyptian court.

On which great temple did Thutmose III have his campaigns recorded?

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at Karnak

The „Annals“ there are our main source on his wars.

💡 Did you know? He even listed the booty: down to horses and copper ingots.

In which three cities today do obelisks of Thutmose III stand?

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London, New York and Istanbul

The two in London and New York are misleadingly called „Cleopatra's Needles“.

💡 Did you know? They have nothing to do with Cleopatra: they are some 1400 years older than she was.

Thutmose III.

Foto: Husky · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Which pharaoh is shown here?

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Thutmose III

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