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Vitamins & Nutrients

12 questions · Health & Medicine

They are present in tiny amounts in our food, and yet without them nothing in the body runs smoothly: vitamins and minerals are the quiet helpers of the metabolism that strengthen bones, build blood and keep the immune system going. A deficiency can make itself felt, while a balanced diet usually supplies everything needed. This pack explains the most important nutrients and what the body needs them for: recognise the sunshine vitamin D for the bones and vitamin C, which supports the defences, vitamin A for the eyes and vitamin K for blood clotting, vitamin B12 and vitamin E, folic acid, which is especially important in pregnancy, as well as the minerals calcium for the bones, iron for oxygen transport, iodine for the thyroid and magnesium for the muscles, plus vitamin B1 for the nerves: recognise them by their role in the body and by the foods in which they naturally occur. It quickly becomes clear why a colourful, varied diet is almost always the best way to give the body everything it needs.

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All questions with answers

Which “sunshine vitamin” does skin make in sunlight, strengthening bones?

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Vitamin D

Many people lack it in winter.

💡 Did you know? It helps build calcium into bones.

Which vitamin is in citrus fruit and prevents scurvy?

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Vitamin C

It supports the immune system.

💡 Did you know? Sailors once often suffered from scurvy.

Which vitamin is in carrots and important for sight?

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Vitamin A

The body makes it from beta-carotene.

💡 Did you know? A deficiency can cause night blindness.

Which vitamin is vital for blood clotting?

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Vitamin K

The “K” stands for coagulation.

💡 Did you know? It is found mainly in green leafy vegetables.

Which vitamin comes almost only from animal products and is vital for the nerves?

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Vitamin B12

Vegans often need to supplement it.

💡 Did you know? It also helps form blood.

Which fat-soluble vitamin acts as a cell-protecting antioxidant, found in nuts and oils?

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Vitamin E

It protects cells from free radicals.

💡 Did you know? Vegetable oils are good sources.

Which nutrient, vital in pregnancy, is also called vitamin B9?

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Folic acid

It helps prevent birth defects.

💡 Did you know? The name comes from “folium” (leaf).

Which mineral hardens bones and teeth and is found in milk?

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Calcium

A deficiency can weaken bones.

💡 Did you know? It is the body's most abundant mineral.

Which mineral carries oxygen in the blood and is found in red meat?

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Iron

A deficiency causes anaemia.

💡 Did you know? It sits in the red pigment haemoglobin.

Which trace element does the thyroid need for its hormones?

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Iodine

A deficiency can cause a goitre.

💡 Did you know? Table salt is often iodised.

Which mineral is vital for muscles and nerves, its lack causing cramps?

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Magnesium

Athletes watch their magnesium levels.

💡 Did you know? It is found in nuts and whole grains.

Which vitamin, whose lack causes beriberi, is in whole grains and legumes?

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Vitamin B1

It is key to energy metabolism.

💡 Did you know? Polished white rice has little of it.

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